Ki te kī he maha ngā mea kua tupu i roto i te tau mai i te tīmatanga o te mate urutā COVID-19, he whakaiti noa iho tēnei i ngā kaupapa nunui, ā, he uaua ki te maumahara ki ngā rā tōmua o te hapori kaipahua taputapu i whakamahi i ngā taputapu tiaki tinana i hangaia nuitia, ngā mīhini manawa i hangaia i te kāinga, me ērā atu mea. Heoi, kāore mātou e maumahara he maha rawa ngā nganatanga ki te hanga i tēnei mīhini whakapūmau hāora DIY i te wā o te wāhanga whakawhanui tuatahi.
I runga i te māmā me te whai huatanga o te hoahoa e kiia nei ko OxiKit, he mea miharo te korenga o ētahi atu taputapu pēnei. Ka whakamahia e OxiKit te zeolite, he kohuke pūwero ka taea te whakamahi hei tātari ngota. Ka tākaihia ngā pītiti ririki ki roto i tētahi rango i hangaia mai i ngā paipa PVC me ngā taputapu mai i tētahi toa taputapu, ā, ka honoa ki tētahi pūwero hau kore-hinu mā roto i tētahi takirere hau e whakahaerehia ana e ētahi takirere solenoid. I muri i te whakamatao i roto i te koiri ngongo parahi, ka akiakihia te hau kōpeke kia haere mā roto i tētahi pou zeolite e pupuri ana i te hauota i te wā e tukuna ana te hāora kia haere. Ka wehea te awa hāora, ka tomo tētahi wāhanga ki te tāke ārai, ā, ka tomo tētahi wāhanga ki te putanga o te pourewa zeolite tuarua, ka tukuna te hauota kua mimitihia. Ka whakahaere te Arduino i te takirere kia rere te hau ki mua, ki muri hoki hei whakaputa i te 15 rita o te 96% hāora parakore ia meneti.
Kāore a OxiKit i te arotauhia pērā i ngā kaihanga hāora arumoni, nō reira kāore i te tino marino. Engari he iti ake te utu o tēnei i tētahi waeine arumoni, ā, mō te nuinga o ngā kaipahua, he ngāwari te hanga. He pūtake tuwhera katoa ngā hoahoa OxiKit, engari e hoko ana i ngā kete taputapu me ētahi wāhanga me ngā taonga pau e uaua ana ki te hoko, pērā i te zeolite. Ka ngana mātou ki te hanga i tētahi mea pēnei nā te mea he tino ātaahua te hangarau. Ehara hoki i te whakaaro kino te whai i tētahi pūtake hāora rere-rahi.
He tino mīharo te 15 rita ia meneti. Mō te tauine, he nui hei oranga mō te 7 tāngata i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa (ia tangata @ 2 rita ia meneti).
He hiahia tonu tāku ki te mōhio me pēhea te mahi a ēnei. He mea whakamere. Te āhua nei kei te takahi i ngā ture o te thermodynamics, engari kāore i te pērā.
I te nui o te hāora e puta ana, e hiahia ana ahau ki te mōhio he aha ka puta mēnā ka whakairihia tēnei pēpi ki runga i te mīhini o te motuka, ka whakanuia rānei. Tērā pea he rite ki te nitrite. He tino haumaru tēnei, nā te mea ka taea e koe te whakarite kia pau tonu te hāora "parakore" e puta ana i te taha o te mīhini, kaua e rongoa ki hea noa atu. Heoi, me whakatika e au te motuka i te tuatahi. Ka hoki whakamuri… "Ka kino."
Ki taku whakaaro he pai tēnei mō te whakarewa/whakapakari/tapahi i te hāora/propane, te hāora/hauwai, te hāora/acetylene rānei.
Āe, i muri i taku mātakitaki i tēnei ataata, ka puta ake i a YT te ataata whakaaro a Dalbor Farny mō te pūwhakakotahi O2. Ko te kaupapa he whakarato i te rama wahie hāora e hiahiatia ana e ia mō te mīhini huri karāhe. Hangaia tāu ake ngongo matihiko ritenga. Inaa, e ono o ēnei ka honoa hei whakaputa i te 30 lpm O2.
Ki taku whakaaro, ka pau pea te kaha o te miihini 2-rita e rere ana i te mano RPM, kaua e pau te kaha o te miihini 15-rita, kaua ko te 1 meneti. Heoi, ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te taumata hāora i roto i te hau e tomo ana ki te taumata e tika ana? Kāore au i te tino mōhio.
Ka taea e te nitrite te whakarato pūngao nā te mea ka tukuna e ia he ngota hauota mō ia ngota hauota waikura kua pirau (ka mau tonu tōna rahinga i te wā e pau ana te hāora), pērā i te whakanui ake i te kukū hāora whai hua (Ka tukuna hoki te wera). Kāore e tino whai hua te pupuhi hāora parakore, nā te mea ka ngaro tonu te rahinga, ā, me aro atu ki ngā take ka mura ai te poraka miihini.
Me whakanui rawa e koe te tere o te miihini. Ko te miihini motuka 2-rita me te tere o te 2500 rpm e "manawa" ana i te 2.5 mita kūpiko o te hau ia meneti (21% O²). E 600 ngā wā o te manawa o te tangata e okioki ana. Ko te nui o te manawa e kainga ana e te tangata he 25% o te O², ko te nui o te manawa e kainga ana e ngā motuka he 90%…
Ka tahuna hoki e ia ngā piston tino wera me ngā piston rewa. Mā te whakatītaha i te wahie kua whakaranua, ka taea e koe te whiwhi kaha ake mai i tētahi miihini. Engari ka rewa te piston nā te pikinga o te wera. Ko te iti o te ihirangi hāora ka ārai i te rewa o te konganuku.
Ka herea ngā miihini waka noa e te rere o te hau, ā, ka puta te mana nui rawa atu ina tahuna te hāora katoa i te rangi. Ka tutuki tēnei mā te whakanui ake i te ranunga, ā, kāore e tahuna te penehīni. Ki te kore e hiahiatia te mana nui rawa atu, ka oma ngā miihini waka i te nuinga o te wā me te piko paku, nā te mea ko te whakamahinga o te hinu nui te tikanga he iti ake te penapena wahie me te nui ake o te parahanga warowaihā.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i tēnei āhuatanga hei whakanui ake i te mana, me whai huarahi koe hei tinihanga i te rorohiko miihini kia tāpirihia he ōrau wahie i te wā kotahi.
Ki te taea e koe te pupuri i te ōwehenga hau-wahie kia pumau, he rite tonu ki te whakatuwhera i te throttle mā te torutoru ōrau noa iho.
Heoi, ki te nui atu i te "toru ōrau" (he pōhēhētanga ā-tauira...), ka eke pea koe ki te rohe o te kaha o te ECU ki te mārama ki te nui o te hau e tomo ana, ki te whakahaere rānei i te nui o te wahie e rere ana ki waho, ki te whakatakoto rānei i te wā mura tika ahakoa te tere me te hau e whakamahia ana e koe.
Ko te tere o te rere e hiahiatia ana hei pupuri i te ora o te tangata, e whakawhirinaki ana ki tōna āhua! He tino māmā noa te 2 rita/meneti. He maha ngā tūroro e hiahia ana ki te tiaki nui, me 15 rita/meneti.
Kia tūpato kei pau te hāora. Mā te nui o te hāora ka mura te tini o ngā mea, ka mura hoki, ā, ka tere ake te tahunga o ngā hinu me ngā hinu whakahinuhinu. Koia te take e whakamahia ai e rātou ngā pūwhakakī kore-hinu.
Ka taea e tēnā, me te maha atu o ngā tikanga tukatuka O2 "kāore i te tino mārama" te whara i a koe, inā koa i raro i te pēhanga e piki haere ana.
Mena kei te tākaro koe i te O2, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te Oxygen Hacker's Companion a Vance Harlow (tērā pea kua whai hoa tēnei a ngā kai ruku nitrox): http://www.airspeedpress.com/newoxyhacker.html
Kāore au i te mōhio ki te pukapuka, ko te kaiwhakamahi, ehara i te kaiwhakatika. Heoi, ngā mihi mō tō tohutoro, ka tono ahau i tētahi kape ina whai mana te puka!
Āe, ka kōrero atu ahau. Ko te momo rahunga o te hau kōpeke PVC he pahūtanga maramara, nō reira kia tūpato ki ēnei whakatauranga pēhanga - i te pikinga o te whānui o te paipa, ka heke te whakatauranga pēhanga.
I ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1980, i mahi ahau mā tētahi kamupene riihi taputapu hauora i riihi, i mahi hoki i ngā miihini whakaputa hāora Devilbiss. I taua wā, he rite noa te rahi o ēnei waeine ki tētahi pouaka whakamātao pia iti. E maumahara ana ahau ki te āhua "rokiroki taputapu" o tōna hanganga o roto. E maumahara tonu ana ahau i hangaia te moenga tātari ki te paipa PVC 4-inihi me te taupoki, nō reira he rite te hanganga i whakaahuatia i roto i tēnei kaupapa ki ngā hangarau o mua (engari he mārama te whai hua).
He momo piston/diaphragm takirua-whakakorikori te pūwero, nō reira kāore he hinu i roto i te hau kōpeke. He kakaho maitai kore waikura angiangi te takirere i roto i te pane pūwero.
Mā te taima miihini ka taea te whakarite i te rere o te awa, kāore he Arduino e hiahiatia. He motuka tukutahi (mōta taputapu karaka) tō te taima e taraiwa ana i te pou me ngā wira cam maha. Mā te pana iti e eke ana i te cam ka mura te takirere solenoid, ka neke haere te hau.
Ko te hoariri nui rawa atu o ēnei mīhini ko te haumākū nui. Ka whakangarohia te moenga tātari e te mimiti o ngā ngota wai.
I mua tata tonu i taku wehenga atu i te kamupene, ka tīmata mātou ki te hoko i tētahi pūwhakakotahi mai i tētahi kaiwhakataetae o Devilbiss (kāore au i te mōhio ki te ingoa ināianei), ā, kua whakaatu te kamupene i te ahunga whakamua nui. Haunga te pūwhakakotahi hou iti ake, marino ake, i hangaia hoki e te kamupene te moenga tātari mā te whakamahi i ngā ngongo konumohe. Kua hipokina te ngongo ki tētahi pereti me ngā awaawa mīhini mō ngā mowhiti-O. Te āhua nei kei te whakaaro ahau ki te tautoko miro-katoa e whakakotahi ana i ngā huihuinga. Ko te painga o tēnei hoahoa, ki te tika, ka taea te wehe i te moenga, ā, ka taea te whakakapi i te rauemi tātari. I whakakorehia hoki e rātou ngā taima miihini, ā, i whakakapia ki ngā taputapu hiko māmā me ngā SSR hei whakaoho i ngā solenoid.
Me whakamahi paipa SCH40 (pēhanga whakatauranga 260psi @ 3″) ā, he mārama kei a rātou he takirere haumaru 40psi me te kaiwhakahaere 20-30psi i mua i te pēhanga o te PVC, nō reira he pai te āhuatanga haumaru. Kāore au i te tino mōhio me pēhea te pānga ki te O2. Hurihia te kaha.
He maha ngā wā ka nui ake te pēhanga pahū o te SCH40 i te pēhanga kua whakatauria - i runga i te whānui. Ko te paipa 3-inihi he tata ki te 850 psi, ā, ko te paipa 6-inihi he tata ki te 500 psi. Ko te 1/2 inihi he tata ki te 2000 psi. E rua te maha o te SCH80. Koinei te take kāore e pahū rawa ngā pūwhakarewa tēnehi PVC. Mā te whakanui ake i a rātou ki te rūma mura 6, 8 inihi rānei ka nui ake tō waimarie. Engari i te nuinga o te wā, ka whakaitihia e te hapori kaipahua te kaha o ngā puranga kirihou. https://www.pvcfittingsonline.com/resource-center/strength-of-pvc-pipe-with-strength-chart/
He hiahia nōku ki te whakaiti i te kaha o te hunga tauhou ki te whakamahi i ngā ahi ahi (me te parakore pea). Ko te tikanga, ka hokona e te mākete hākinakina ngā rango hāora hauora kua reti. Koinā taku whakaaro tuatahi, engari ko te utu o te kete me te BOM he nui ake i te utu o tētahi wāhanga hauora kua reti.
Ka taea e te mīhini motuka 2 rita te kai i te 9,000 rita/meneti o te hāora (tere tere), nō reira he 600 ngā wā poto ake te 15 rita/meneti o te hāora. , He taputapu pai tēnei. I hokona e au ētahi pūwero kua whakahoutia, e 5 rita ia meneti, mō te $300 ia (te āhua nei kei te piki haere te utu). Ka puta he 5 rita/meneti. E whakamahia ana he rau watts, nō reira kua whakaarohia ko te 9000 rita ia meneti (mō ngā kaupapa whakangahau anake) e hiahia ana ki te 360 ​​kW (480 hp).
Nā te mea i tuhia tā rātou pūnaha e te roopu puoro o Berlin. (Tātaihia tētahi, ā, ka whiwhi koe i tētahi whetu koura.)
Tirohia te paetukutuku a te kamupene… āe, he ahua koretake ngā whakatakotoranga i roto i tā rātou toa, engari ka hokona atu e rātou ki a koe te 5 pauna mō te $75.00. Nō reira, me titiro tātou ki github. Kaua. Kāore he BOM i reira.
He hoahoa hiko-ā-ringa tuwhera tā mātou e taea ai te tohutohu i a koe me pēhea te hanga, kaua ki te whakakī. Ki ahau nei, he wāhi tēnei e ngaro ana ngā mōhiohio matua. He rite ki te whakaara ake i ngā tukemata o tētahi kiripuaki… he mea whakamīharo.
I roto i tētahi kōrero a OxiKit i tētahi o ā rātou ataata (te mea i honoa e au i roto i te pūrākau, arā, i taku whakaaro tuarua) i kōrero ia ko te konutai zeolite tēnei.
Pērā i tētahi atu tātari ngota, me kī atu ki te kaihanga he aha te mahi e hiahiatia ana e koe, kaua ko te aha te take. Nā te mea he rite tonu, engari he rerekē te kōhao.
Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā pūwero O2 te zeolite 13X 0.4 mm-0.8 mm, te zeolite JLOX 101 rānei, ko te tuarua te mea tino utu nui. I taku hanganga anō i te pūwero craigslist o2, i whakamahia e au te 13X. Kei te kā tonu te rama matomato, nō reira ko te parakore o te o2 he 94% neke atu rānei.

https://catalysts.basf.com/files/literature-library/BASF_13X-Molecular-Sieve_Datasheet_Rev.08-2020.pdf

Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā tātari ngota 5A (5 angstrom). Ki taku whakaaro he iti ake te whiriwhiringa mō te hauota, engari ka taea tonu te whakamahi.
He pakiwaituhi pai kei runga i a Wikipedia hei āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki te kaupapa mahi o te taputapu: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Pressure_swing_adsorption_principle.svg I te whakaurunga o te hau kōpeke A te mimiti O te hāora Putanga D te mimiti E te putanga hau
Ina tata kī tonu te pou zeolite i te hauota, ka hurihia ngā takirere katoa hei tuku i te hauota kua mimitia e te pou.
Ngā mihi nui ki a koe mō tō whakamārama poto. Kua roa ahau e whakaaro ana mēnā ka taea te whakamahi i te pūkaha hauota mō ngā kaupapa DIY o te whakarewa hauota i te kāinga. Nō reira, ko te para o te pūkaha hāora he hauota noa iho: he tino pai, ka whakamahia e au i roto i taku teihana whakarewa kore-mata.
He pono, mō ngā tauhou, he tino whai hua te huri i te hau hei hāora parakore, hei hauota parakore hoki. E hiahia ana ahau ki te mōhio mēnā ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te "hauota nui" hei hau ārai mō te whakarewa.
Mō te TIG (e mōhiotia ana ko GTAW), nā te mea he tino tairongo te parāoa plasma, kāore au i te tino mōhio. Ko te hau argon te mea nui e whakamahia ana, i ētahi wā he iti noa te hau herium hei uru atu ki ngā rauemi pēnei i te konumohe me te titanium. Ko te rere he 6 ki te 8l/min, he nui rawa pea mō te compressor paerewa.
Mō te whakarewa, me hoko katoa ngā waitohu teihana whakarewa nui i te hau tiaki hauota mō te hanga rohs, engari ko te utu mō te kete kei waenganui i te 1-2 mano euros. Ko te tere rere o te taputapu he 1 rita/min, he tino pai mō ngā tātari ngota. Nō reira, me kohikohi ētahi taputapu, me mahi i te whakarewa kore-rere, kore-mata i te kāinga!
E hiahia ana ngā kaiwhakarewa kia taea te whakamahi i te hauota parakore hei hau ārai. He iti ake te utu i te argon, i te helium rānei, he iti ake te utu. Engari, he nui tōna tauhohenga i te pāmahana e tae atu ana ki te arc, ā, ka puta he nitrides kāore e hiahiatia i roto i te whakarewa.
E whakamahia ana mō te whakarewa i te hau tiaki, engari he iti noa iho te nui ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga o te whakarewa.
He mārama noa iho, ka taea te whakamahi mō te whakarewa taiaho, engari ahakoa he papanga tino rite rawa, kāore pea tēnei mahi i a ia.
Nō reira, i roto i te ariā, ka taea te whakamahi i te iti rawa i te kotahi PSA hei whakaiti i te hauota, kātahi ka whakamahia tētahi atu PSA (mā te whakamahi i tētahi atu zeolite) hei whakaiti i te hāora, ka waiho he kukū teitei ake o ngā matū ehara i te hāora, ehara hoki i te hauota.
Ki te tika tāu, i taua wā, ka kī atu ahau me whakapūtā te hau, kātahi ka whakarewa hei wehe i te hau e hiahiatia ana, e kore rānei e hiahiatia.
@Foldi-He pūwāhi takai e pā ana ki te whakaurunga pūngao me te putanga hau. E whakaae ana ahau he nui ake te whai huatanga i runga i te tauine nui ake nā te mea ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te mimiti hei whakamatao i mua.
Engari i runga i te tauine iti rawa, ka whiwhi koe i te kotahi te pūwhakakoi, e whā ngā pourewa zeolite me te maha o ngā takirere pēhanga hiko, me te utu tīmatanga o tētahi kaiwhakahaere iti te utu (The Brain), ki taku whakaaro he iti iho.
Ka taea e @irox te whakarite me te tino mohio, engari kāore tetahi e whakamahi ana i te 2 rita o te hāora e tere mate/kino me te kore e whiwhi hāora. Hei whakataurite, ko ā mātou tūroro i te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) he nui te rere o te toto tuarua nā te COVID, ka whiwhi 45-55L ina 60-90% te FIO2. Koinei ā mātou tūroro "pūmau". Mena kāore he nui te rere o te toto, ka tere tonu te kino o te toto, engari kāore rātou e tino mate ka whakauruhia he ngongo ki roto i a mātou. Ka kite koe i ngā tau rite, teitei ake rānei mō ētahi atu tūroro ARDS, mō te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga rānei e hiahia ana ki te cannula nasal nui ake i te cannula nasal tikanga.
Ki ahau nei, he mea motuhake te whakamahinga. Ka taea e tēnei te pupuri i te pēhanga o te 6-8 rita mō ngā tūroro e rua, he wāhi tēnei e tukuna ana te rere nui ki runga ake i te cannula ihu tikanga, te NIPPV rānei. E hiahia ana ahau ki te kī he tino whai hua tēnei mō tētahi hōhipera iti he iti te hāora, ā, ka taea te whakarato ratonga hauora ki ngā tūroro e pāngia ana e ngā mate mau tonu i roto i ngā āhuatanga ohorere poto.
E 6 rita (45-55 rita rānei) o te hāora e kainga ana e te tūroro i ia meneti, e ngaro wāhanga ana rānei, e tukuna ana ki te taiao, i tētahi atu mea rānei?
Ko taku papamuri/wheako he pūnaha tautoko ora iti noa iho mō te hunga hauora (me te tango i te hauhā waro, me te tāpiri i te 2 rita o te hauhā waro mō ia tangata ia meneti), nō reira, nā te maha o ngā whakamahinga hauora, he mea whakatuwhera tēnei i ngā kanohi!
He mea nui kia maumahara kei te tango hāora rātou, nā te mea he tino kōpiri ō rātou pukahukahu i te wā e tango hāora ana. Nō reira, ki te whakaritea ki ngā hiahia matatika o te tinana tangata, he tino nui te utu, nā te mea he tokoiti noa iho ngā tāngata e uru mai ana.
Kāore au i te mōhio mēnā ko te tangata nāna i kōrero te hoahoa, engari kāore tēnei e rite ki tāna i whakaahua ai. Kāore ngā tātari ngota me ngā zeolite e mau i te N2, ka taea e rātou te mau i te O2. Hei hopu i te N2, me whai koe i tētahi mea mimiti hauota, he kararehe tino rerekē. Ka mau te tātari i te O2 i raro i te pēhanga i te mea e haere tonu ana te hauota. Me tika tēnei, nā te mea ina tukuna e koe te pēhanga ka whakamahia hei maka i te N2 ki tētahi atu pou, kāore he tikanga ki te ngana ki te tango i te N2 me te N2. He waeine mimiti pēhanga (PSA) ēnei, ka mahi mā te mau i te O2. Ka taea e te pēhanga teitei ake me ngā rango nui ake te kawe mai i te pai ake (e 4 ngā rango he pai ake te 85%). Ka whakapūmau tēnei i te O2, engari kāore e mahi pērā i tāna i kī ai (e kī ana rānei te tuhinga).
Me whakarato e koe te pūtake mōhiohio e tonoa ana, nā te mea ka taea e koe te mimiti i te N2 ki runga i ngā tatari ngota zeolite 13X me te 5A. http://www.phys.ufl.edu/REU/2008/reports/magee.pdf
E whakaū ana hoki te tuhinga Wikipedia PSA ka mimiti te zeolite i te hauota. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_swing_adsorption#Process
"Heoi, he iti ake te utu i te waeine arumoni." Nā te mea he nui ake te BOM i te $1,000, he uaua ki ahau te tautoko i tēnei kōrero. Ko te utu mō ngā rauemi mō ngā pūwero arumoni kāinga (kāore e taea te kawe) tata ki te 1/3, he ngāwari ki te kimi, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he mahi. E mōhio ana ahau he pai te 17LPM, engari kāore he tangata i waho o te hōhipera e tono ana i taua momo waka. Ko te tangata he tono pēnei kei te tata ia ki te tirotiro, ki te whakatō ngongo rānei.
Ae, he kaupapa pai tēnei, engari ae, he iti noa te whai huatanga o te utu ki tētahi taumata. I Ahitereiria, ko te utu mō ngā taputapu 10l/pm hou he tata ki te $1500AUD noa iho. Mēnā he $1000 te tāra US, ka whakaitihia te utu mō te hoko taputapu hou.
I mua i te mate urutā, i hokona e au tētahi i runga i te eBay mō te utu tata ki te £160 me te rere o te 1.5 rita ia meneti i te utu o te 98%. Ā, he tino marino ake tēnei mea i tēnei! Mā tēnei, ka taea e koe te moe.
Ahakoa tērā, he mahi nui tēnei. Whakanohoia ki roto i te rūma i te taha o te paipa roa hei karo i te haruru me ngā tūponotanga pahūtanga…
E hiahia ana ahau ki te mōhio mēnā ka taea e koe te whakamahi hei pūtake hauota parakore, i roto i ngā taiao tiaki, i roto rānei i te whakarewa?
Me pēhea ngā potae kua whakakīia ki te hauota? Ina whakaarohia ngā utu e utua ana mō tēnei ratonga, he tino utu nui te hauota…
Tērā pea he mea whakamere te mahi e whai ake nei - tangohia te putanga o tēnei pūwhakakotahi ka wehea he ranunga 95% O2 + 5% Ar. Ka taea tēnei mā te wehenga nekeneke mā te whakamahi i te tātari ngota CMS i roto i te pūnaha PSA. Kātahi ka whakatūria he papu 150 pae hei whakakī i te rango argon.
Ināianei, ko tā mātou anake e hiahia ana ko tētahi hei mahi i te tukanga Linde i te kāinga kia tino ngahau ai.
Mā te whakamahi i tā mātou paetukutuku me ngā ratonga, e whakaae mārama ana koe ki tā mātou whakatakotoranga o ngā pihikete mahi, mahi me ngā pihikete pānuitanga. Ako atu