I roto i te umanga hinu me te hau o te ao, he mahi tonu te whai i ngā mahi keri pai, me ngā wai keri kounga teitei e whai wāhi nui ana ki te pupuri i te pumau o te poka, te whakamatao i ngā mata keri, me te kawe i ngā tapahi ki te mata. Kua puta te paura bentonite, inā koa ko te bentonite konutai kei roto i te montmorillonite, hei wāhanga nui i roto i ngā hanganga wai keri. Ko tōna kaha whakamiharo ki te pupuhi wai, ngā āhuatanga thixotropic, me tōna kaha ki te hanga i tētahi keke tātari matotoru, iti te uruhanga, he mea nui mō ngā mahi keri hou.

Mō te keri poka hohonu, ina taea e ngā pāmahana o raro te piki ki te 150-200°C, ā, neke atu i te 30 MPa te pēhanga, ka noho te pumau o ngā wai keri hei mea nui. He maha ngā wā ka kore e angitu ngā tāpiringa wai keri noa i raro i ēnei āhuatanga tino kino, engari ko te paura bentonite konutai te mea e tū ana mō ōna āhuatanga rheological pai rawa atu. I roto i tētahi mara hinu nui i te Middle East, i whakaatuhia e tētahi whakamātautau whakatairite te hiranga o ngā wai keri kei roto ko tā mātou paura bentonite konutai. I piki ake te tere keri toharite mā te 18%, ā, i heke te maha o ngā hinganga o te poka puna mā te 70% ki te whakataurite ki ngā tāpiringa uku noa. Ka taea te kī ko te montmorillonite i roto i te paura bentonite tēnei angitu, e hanga ana i tētahi keke tātari ōrite, he 1-3 mm te matotoru, i runga i te pakitara poka puna. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei keke tātari te ngaronga wai ki te hanganga, me ngā uara ngaronga tātari ≤10 mL/30 min i raro i ngā tikanga paerewa API, ā, ka ārai i te kino o te hanganga.

Haunga te bentonite konutai, kei roto i ā mātou hua te paura bentonite konupūmā, he mea tino pai mō te keri poka pāpaku me te keri wai māori. Ahakoa he iti ake te kaha pupuhi o te bentonite konupūmā ki tōna hoa konutai, he pai ake te utu. Ina rongoatia ki te konutai kāponāte, he kaiwhakaoho noa, ka taea te huri i te bentonite konupūmā hei bentonite whakaranu konutai-konupūmā. He rite te mahi a tēnei bentonite whakaranu ki te bentonite konutai tūturu, he mea tino pai mō ngā mahi keri hohonu-waenga, mai i te 1000 ki te 3000 mita.

He mea tino nui te whakahaere kounga i roto i tā mātou hanga paura bentonite mō ngā wai keri. E piri ana ā mātou hua ki ngā paerewa tino pakari, me ngā tohu matua e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga API Spec 13A. E tohu ana ēnei paerewa i te ihirangi montmorillonite o te ≥80%, te ihirangi makuku o te ≤12%, te ihirangi onepu o te ≤2%, me te toenga tatari 325-mata o te ≤0.5%. Ka whakamatautauria ia puranga hua i roto i tā mātou taiwhanga mō te matotoru, te ngaronga tātari, me te tere pupuhi, ā, ka tukuna he pūrongo tirotiro kounga whānui ki ā mātou kiritaki.

Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia kanorau o ngā kiritaki hinu me te hau o te ao, ka tukuna e mātou he otinga paura bentonite kua whakaritea. Mō ngā mahi keri moana e whakamahi ana i te wai moana, he nui te tote, ka whakarerekētia e mātou te mata o te paura bentonite me ngā tote ammonium quaternary. Mā tēnei whakarerekētanga ka tino whakapai ake i te manawanui tote o te paura bentonite, ka whakarite kia mau tonu te matotoru pumau me te iti o te ngaronga tātari o te wai keri, ahakoa i roto i te wai moana me te tote o te 35‰. I roto i ngā taiao keri rohe makariri, ka taea e ngā pāmahana o raro te heke ki te ≤0°C, ka tāpirihia e mātou he whakarerekētanga ārai huka ki te paura bentonite. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te huka o te wai keri, ā, ka whakarite i tōna tohanga noa, ka taea ai te mahi keri tonu me te whai hua.

Mō ngā mahi kawe waka, ko te mea nui ki a mātou ko te kounga o ā mātou hua i te wā e kawe ana. Kei roto i ngā putea ātete-makuku me ngā putea ārai-pupuhi te paura bentonite, e 25 kg te taumaha ia putea, me te kiriata polyethylene o roto me te putea pepa kraft o waho kua pania ki te paparanga ātete-wai. Mā tēnei takai ka tiakina te paura bentonite mai i te mimiti i te makuku i te wā e kawe ana i te moana tawhiti. Kua whakatūria e mātou he hononga kaha ki ngā kamupene kaipuke matua pērā i a Maersk me CMA CGM, kia taea ai te tuku i ā mātou hua ki ngā tauranga o te Middle East, Awherika, me Amerika Te Raki i roto i ngā rā 20-35.