Ko te kaihopu mono hiato tino whai hua mō te wai keri he ranunga o ngā momo pūhui tipu taiao, he pai te pupuhi wai me te kaha nekeneke o te mono hono, he kaha te piri, ā, kāore e herea e te taurite rahi matūriki ki te whakataurite ki ngā kaihopu mono keri tuku iho. Ina whakamahia me ngā pūnaha paru rerekē, ka taea te whakamahi hei hiri i ngā paparanga tohanga ngaro, me te tiaki hoki i ngā paparanga whakaputa iti-pēhanga (hinu, hau, wai, me ētahi atu).

Ngā Mahi me te Whakamahinga: 1. He tere te puru, ā, he pai te pānga ki ngā āputa me ngā kapiti moroiti. 2. Ka taea e ia te hanga tere i tētahi whitiki tiaki kore-ā-roto me te kaha motuhake hei ārai i te urunga mai o ngā wāhanga wai me ngā wāhanga totoka i roto i te wai mahi ki roto i te puna wai, ka taea ai te ārai i te kino o te puna wai. Ka taea te tuku i te whitiki tiaki mā te poka whakamuri. 3. Ka taea e ia te whakaiti nui i te ngaronga tātari o te paru me te kore e pā ki ōna āhuatanga rheological, ā, he tino ātete ki te pāmahana. 4. Kāore e pāngia e te poke electrolyte, kāore he paitini, ā, kāore he kino.

1. Ngā hua rapa: Ka whakamahia te waro pango mā i roto i ngā hua rapa tae hei whakakapi i te waro pango mō te whakakaha, hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā hua mā, āhua mārama rānei. He tino piripono hoki te silica, he ātete ki te haehae, he ātete ki te wera me te ātete ki te koroheketanga, nō reira ka taea hoki te whakakapi i tētahi wāhanga o te waro pango i roto i ngā hua rapa pango hei whiwhi i ngā hua rapa kounga teitei, pērā i ngā potae o waho o te rori, ngā potae hangarau, ngā potae radial, me ētahi atu.

2. Ngā hua matū ahuwhenua: I roto i ngā hua matū ahuwhenua, pērā i ngā patu pepeke, ngā maniua rehu whai hua nui, me ētahi atu, ka whakamahia te pango waro mā hei kawe, hei waimeha, hei whakarewa rānei. Ina whakamahia hei whakarewa i roto i ngā paura wairewa (WDG), ka taea te whakanui ake i te tere o te whakatarewa. E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he ihirangi tata ki te 10%. Ka taea te pupuri i te whai huatanga roa nā te mea he tino teitei te horahanga o te mata, he tino teitei te kaha mimiti, he ngāwari te whakatarewa, he pai te hononga, me te pumau o te matū. Ahakoa i raro i te ua, te horoi, me ngā āhuatanga wera, ka taea te noho tonu mō te wā roa.

3. Ngā hua matū o ia rā: He paraihe niho mārama, he mātotoru hoki, he pango waro mā hei whakakī me te whakakoi. He pai te ngāwari o tēnei momo paraihe niho, he ngāwari te horapa, he maeneene, he ngawari te tinana o te whakapiri, he pai te ātete ki te pakū, ā, kāore e waikura te tinana o te ngongo paraihe niho; Ka taea e ia te pupuri i te pumau o te paraihe niho rongoā. Ina koa he pai te hototahi ki te fluoride, ka taea te karo i te ngoikoretanga o ngā tote kore e rewa i hangaia e ngā tote konupūmā hei whakakoi.

4. Piripiri: Ka whakamahia i roto i ngā piripiri i hangaia ki te rapa maori, ki te rapa hangai rānei, ka whakarato i te thixotropy me te whakakaha, me te whakapai ake i te piri nā te mea ka taea te toro atu, ka waiho hei kounga teitei me te utu iti.

5. Ārai i te kirikiri: Ka taea te whakamahi i te pango waro mā i roto i ētahi hua hei whakapai ake i te rere noa, pērā i ngā tongi tarutaru, ngā patu harore, ngā mea whakakoi wira huri, ngā mea whakama horoi kakahu, te whakakoi werohanga phenolic o te urotropine, ngā hua kirihou o ngā phenols me te urea, te hanga rapa whanariki me ngā ranunga ārai kirikiri.

6. Whakakī pepa: Mā te whakamahi i te waro pango mā hei whakakī pepa ka taea te whakapai ake i te ātete waituhi me te kaha ā-pūkaha o te pepa, te whakanui ake i te mā, me te whakaiti i te taumaha o te pepa. Ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te mama o te pepa, te whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa, me te whakapai ake i te mahi pepa. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i roto i ngā ahumahi maha pēnei i ngā kai ahi, ngā kai whāngai kararehe, ngā mea whakapaipai, ngā kai whakangaro, ngā tae, ngā peita, me ētahi atu.