Ko te Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂) te tuarua o ngā kohuke kore-waro tūturu nui rawa atu i roto i te kirinuku o Papatūānuku. Whai muri i te purenga me te hanganga, ka whakamahia whānuitia i roto i ngā rauemi hanga, te rapa, ngā hikohiko, ngā whakapaipai me ētahi atu mara, ā, he rauemi matua mō ngā mahi hanga taketake me ngā mahi hanga teitei.

1. Ngā tukanga whakaputa (ngā huarahi e rua)

（1）Tikanga purenga kohuke taiao

E whakamahi ana i te quartzite, te onepū quartz, te diatomite hei rauemi mata; ka tangohia ngā poke Fe/Al mā te kuru, te huri me te whakamānu. Ko te parakore o te SiO₂ ≥98.5%, he iti te utu, he pai mō ngā rauemi hanga, ngā paninga me ētahi atu tono whānui.

（2）Tikanga hanga matū

Ka whakamahia ngā silane me ngā silicate hei rauemi mata; ka hangaia mā te tukanga whakamahana/whakatō me te whakahaere pāmahana AI me te tauhohenga korehau. Tae atu ki te 99.9%+ te parakore, ka taea te whakahaere i te rahi o te matūriki mai i te nano ki te micron. He pai mō ngā hikohiko, ngā semiconductors, ngā whakapaipai papai; neke atu i te 60% o te mākete papai.。

2. Ngā Āhuatanga Matua

（1）He ātete ki te pāmahana me te huarere teitei, te ira rewa ~1800℃, te ātete ki te UV, kāore e tawhito, e pirau rānei i muri i te whakamahinga roa o waho

（2）He pai mō te taiao, kāore he paitini, kāore he konganuku taumaha, e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga a te EU REACH me te RoHS; he haumaru mō te pa ki te kai, ngā hua tamariki, ngā mea whakapaipai

（3）Whakapakari me te whakapakeke, he nui te horahanga mata motuhake; whakapai ake i te kaha kume mā te 30%–50% i roto i te rapa/kirihou

（4）He mimiti me te marara porous; e whakamahia ana hei whāriki, hei whakamaroke, hei ārai i te paparanga me te whakatōtō

3. Ngā ahumahi tono

（1）Ngā Rauemi Hanga

Ka whakapakari i te ātete ki te pakaru o te raima/moata; ka mahi hei whakakī/whakawhāriki i roto i ngā paninga/ārai wai hei whakanui i te piri me te ātete ki te huarere.

（2）Rapa me ngā Kirihou

Ka whakapakari i ngā potae, ngā hiri, ngā hipoki taura; ka whakapakari i te pakari me te ātete wera i roto i ngā paipa, ngā whare taputapu, ngā takai kai. Neke atu i te 40% o ngā umanga rapa matua i hokona.

（3）Ngā Mea Whakapaipai me ngā Mea Whakakā

He karaehe nano e whakamahia ana mō te whakahaere hinu me te whakatakoto whakapaipai; he karaehe rewa teitei mō ngā pereki ātete me ngā mea whakakoi i roto i te mahi whakarewa me te miihini.

4. Ngā Paerewa Hoko

Ngā Tohu Paetae: kia tutuki i te GB/T 30916-2014, tiwhikete ISO; REACH/FDA mō te kaweake. Ngā Whakatakotoranga: te parakore, te rahi o te matūriki/te horahanga mata motuhake, te makuku ≤1%, te toenga ≤0.1%. Whakahaerehia te whakamātautau hototahi puranga iti i te tuatahi; te whakarite i ngā kaiwhakarato kua arotakehia me te tautoko hangarau whakaritenga me muri i te hoko.