Silica, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te pango waro mā, he silica hangai kore-āhua (SiO₂·nH₂O) he nui te horahanga mata motuhake, he kaha whakapakari pai, ā, he pumau ngā āhuatanga matū. He paura ma, kāore he paitini, kāore he kakara, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana hei rauemi mahi kore-waro matua i roto i ngā ahumahi rapa me te polymer hou. Kāore i rite ki te pango waro, ka whakaratohia e te silica he whakapakari teitei me te hototahi tae kanapa, he mea nui mō ngā potae matomato, ngā taonga rapa tae me ngā elastomers mahi-teitei.

Ko te hanga ahumahi o te silica te nuinga e whakamahi anatikanga whakatōtōmetikanga whakapūpū. Te silica kua whakapūpūtiaKa hangaia mā te tauhohenga o te silicate konutai ki te waikawa, ā, muri iho ka horoia, ka whakamarokehia, ka mira; he āhua taurite te horahanga o te mata (150–400 m²/g) me te utu iti, he pai mō ngā potae me te rapa whānui. Ka hangaia te silica kua whakamahanatia mā te waikura pāmahana teitei o te silicon halide, me ngā matūriki nano-rahi (10–40 nm), he tino parakore (SiO₂ ≥99.8%) me te hanganga mekameka 3D, he pai mō ngā paninga kounga teitei, ngā piripiri me ngā hikohiko.

Ko te tono nui rawa atu koumanga rapa (≈58% hea), inā koa ngā potae matomato. Mā te whakakapi i te 30–50% o te pango waro ki te silica ka whakaiti i te ātete hurihuri, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te wahie mā te 5–7%, ā, ka whakarei ake i te ātete paheke maku. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā kapu hu, ngā ngongo, ngā hiri me ngā hua silicone kia pai ake ai te roa me te ngāwari o te tukatuka. I roto i ngā paninga/waituhi, ka mahi te silica hei ārai i te taunga, hei whakahaere i te rheology me te kaihoko whāriki. I roto i te ahuwhenua, ka mahi hei kawe me te whakamarara mō ngā patu pepeke me ngā maniua.

Ki te whakataurite ki te pango waro, ka tukuna e te silicahototahi tae, ātete hurihuri iti me te pumau UV pai akeEhara i te mea he whakakī noa iho engari he whakarei ake i te mahi a ngā rauemi hou. I te tipu haere o ngā potae matomato me te hangahanga teitei, he mea nui tonu te silica.