Ko te kōhatu puia (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te pumice, te pore basalt rānei) he rauemi whai hua, he rauemi hoki e pai ana ki te taiao, he kōhatu pore tino utu nui i hangaia e te karāhe puia, ngā kohuke, me ngā mirumiru i muri i te pahūtanga o te puia. Kei roto i te kōhatu puia he maha ngā kohuke me ngā huānga iti pēnei i te konutai, te konupūmā, te konumohe, te silicon, te konupūmā, te titanium, te manganese, te rino, te nickel, te cobalt, me te molybdenum. Kāore e pā te hihi, ā, he ngaru aukume infrared tawhiti. Whai muri i te pahūtanga o te puia, i muri i ngā tekau mano tau, kei te piki haere te kitea e te tangata tōna uara. Kua whānui ake ōna mara tono ki ngā mara pēnei i te hoahoanga, te tiaki wai, te huri, ngā rauemi tātari, te waro tunutunu, te whakapaipai whenua, te whakatipu kore oneone, me ngā hua whakapaipai, ā, he mahi nui tēnei i roto i ngā momo ahumahi. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te pumice puia (basalt) me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rauemi tātari koiora toka puia.

Āhua me te āhua: Kāore he matūriki koi, he iti te ātete ki te rere o te wai, he ngāwari ki te ārai, he ōrite te tohatoha o te wai me te hau, he mata taratara, he tere te whakairi o te kiriata, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga o te tangohanga o te kiriata moroiti i te wā e horoia ana.

Te Pūngao: He pūtau, he pūngao hoki ngā toka puia, ā, koinei te taiao tipu pai rawa atu mō ngā hapori moroiti.

Kaha ā-mīhini: E ai ki te tari tirotiro kounga ā-motu, ko te 5.08Mpa, kua whakamātauhia kia tu atu ki ngā pānga kutikuti waipēhi o ngā kaha rerekē, ā, he roa ake te ora ratonga i ētahi atu rauemi tātari.

Kiato: Kiato taurite, he ngāwari ki te whakatarewa i te wā e horoi ana, kāore he turuturu rauemi, ka taea ai te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga.

Te pumau matū koiora: He ātete ki te waikura ngā rauemi tātari koiora toka puia, he kore mahi, ā, kāore e whai wāhi ki ngā tauhohenga matū koiora o ngā kiriata koiora i roto i te taiao.

Te hiko o te mata me te āhua wai-aroha: He pai te utu o te mata o te tātari koiora o te toka puia, ā, he pai tēnei mō te tipu pumau o ngā moroiti. He kaha te āhua wai-aroha, he nui te kiriata koiora e piri ana, ā, he tere hoki.

Mō te pānga ki te mahi biofilm: Hei kawe biofilm, kāore he kino o te pāpāho tātari koiora toka puia, ā, kāore he pānga aukati ki ngā moroiti pumau, ā, kua whakamātauhia e ngā mahi kāore e pā ki te mahi a ngā moroiti.

Ko te mahi a ngā toka puia ko te 1: te wai hohe. Ka taea e ngā toka puia te whakahohe i ngā katote i roto i te wai (mā te whakanui ake i te nui o ngā katote hāora) ā, ka taea te tuku paku i ngā hihi-A me ngā hihi whero-whero, he mea whai hua mō ngā ika me ngā tāngata. Kāore e taea te wareware i te pānga patu huakita o ngā toka puia, ā, mā te tāpiri atu ki te puna ika ka taea te ārai me te rongoā i ngā tūroro.

Ko te mahi a ngā toka puia he whakau i te kounga o te wai.

Kei roto hoki i tēnei ko ngā wāhanga e rua: te pumau o te pH, ka taea te whakarite i te wai he waikawa rawa, he kawakore rawa rānei kia tata aunoa ki te koretake. Ko te pumau o te ihirangi kohuke, he āhuatanga rua ngā toka puia o te tuku i ngā huānga kohuke me te mimiti i ngā paru i roto i te wai. Ina iti rawa, ina nui rawa rānei, ka puta tōna tukunga me te mimiti. He mea nui te pumau o te uara PH o te kounga wai i te tīmatanga o te Arhat me te wā e tae ana.

Ko te mahi a ngā toka puia he whakaputa tae.

He kanapa, he taiao hoki te tae o ngā toka puia. He pānga nui tō rātou ki te kukume tae i ngā ika whakapaipai maha, pērā i a Arhat, i te Hōiho Whero, i te Kākā, i te Tarakona Whero, i a Sanhu Cichao, me ērā atu. Ina koa, ko te āhuatanga o Arhat ko te tata o tōna tinana ki te tae o ngā mea e karapoti ana. Mā te whero o ngā toka puia ka whero haere te tae o Arhat.