Ngā āhuatanga o te pungapunga (te pātara) me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rauemi tātari koiora mō te toka puia.

Āhua me te āhua: Kāore he matūriki koi, he iti te ātete ki te rere o te wai, he ngāwari ki te ārai, he ōrite te tohatoha o te wai me te hau, he mata taratara, he tere te whakairi o te kiriata, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga o te tangohanga o te kiriata moroiti i te wā e horoia ana.
Te Pūngao: He pūtau, he pūngao hoki ngā toka puia, ā, koinei te taiao tipu pai rawa atu mō ngā hapori moroiti.

Kaha ā-mīhini: E ai ki te tari tirotiro kounga ā-motu, ko te 5.08Mpa, kua whakamātauhia kia tu atu ki ngā pānga kutikuti waipēhi o ngā kaha rerekē, ā, he roa ake te ora ratonga i ētahi atu rauemi tātari.
Kiato: Kiato taurite, he ngāwari ki te whakatarewa i te wā e horoi ana, kāore he turuturu rauemi, ka taea ai te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga.
Te pumau matū koiora: he ātete te rauemi tātari koiora o te toka puia ki te waikura, he mangere, ā, kāore e uru ki te tauhohenga matū koiora o te kiriata koiora i roto i te taiao.

Te hiko o te mata me te āhua wai-aroha: He pai te utu o te mata o te tātari koiora o te toka puia, ā, he pai tēnei mō te tipu pumau o ngā moroiti. He kaha te āhua wai-aroha, he nui te kiriata koiora e piri ana, ā, he tere hoki.
Mō te pānga ki te mahi biofilm: Hei kawe biofilm, kāore he kino o te pāpāho tātari koiora toka puia, ā, kāore he pānga aukati ki ngā moroiti pumau, ā, kua whakamātauhia e ngā mahi kāore e pā ki te mahi a ngā moroiti.

Ngā āhuatanga waipēhi o te rauemi tātari koiora toka puia.
Te tere o te korenga o te wai: Ko te toharite o te poretanga o roto, o waho hoki e tata ana ki te 40%, he iti te ātete ki te wai. I taua wā anō, ki te whakaritea ki ngā rauemi tātari rite, he iti ake te nui o te rauemi tātari e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te whāinga tātari e tumanakohia ana.
Te horahanga mata motuhake: Mā te horahanga mata motuhake nui, te kaha o te porosity, me te kore e nekeneke, ka pai te hononga me te tipu o ngā moroiti, ka pupuri i te nui o te koiora moroiti, ā, ka āwhina i te tukanga whakawhiti papatipu o te hāora, ngā matūkai, me ngā para i puta i te wā o te pākia o ngā moroiti.
Te āhua o te rauemi tātari me te tauira rere o te wai: Nā te mea he kore-kōhatu ngā rauemi tātari koiora o te toka puia, ā, he nui ake ngā pūwero i ngā matūriki uku, he iti ake te ātete ki te rere o te wai, ā, he iti ake te whakapaunga pūngao ina whakamahia.

Ko ōna āhuatanga he maha ngā pūwero, he mama, he kaha, he ārai i te haruru, he ārai ahi, he ātete ki te waikawa me te kawakore, he ātete ki te waikura, ā, kāore he parahanga, kāore hoki he irahiko. He rauemi mata taiao matomato, he pai mō te taiao, he penapena pūngao hoki.