Te uku kaolin kua whakakōhuatia mō te hanga uku, te paninga pepa, te whakakī kirihou, te whakarei ake i te rapa me te hanga peita hei tautoko i te hanga ahumahi.
Whakaahuatanga Poto:
Ko te paura kaolin he paura kohuke kore-whakarewa e tupu noa ana, ko te nuinga he mea hanga mai i te kaolinite, i hangaia mā te huarere roa, te whakarerekētanga waiariki, me te hurihanga o ngā toka aluminosilicate. E whakamahia whānuitia ana tēnei paura kohuke puta noa i ngā rāngai ahumahi maha nā tōna huinga ahurei o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū, ā, he mea nui tēnei i roto i te hanga hou. Ko te tukatuka i te paura kaolin he raupapa o ngā mahi pūnaha: te kuru i te konganuku kaolin mata kia matotoru, te tango i ngā paru mā roto i ngā tikanga wehewehe ā-tinana, te huri hei whakatutuki i te matotoru e hiahiatia ana, me te whakapūkara, te whakarerekētanga mata rānei hei whakarei ake i ōna āhuatanga mahi.
Ko te uara ahumahi o te paura kaolin e ahu mai ana i ōna āhuatanga matua, tae atu ki te mā nui, te kirihou pai, te koretake o te matū, te pumau o te wera, me te iti o te mimiti hinu. Ko te mā tetahi o ngā āhuatanga tino motuhake o te paura kaolin, e tino hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki ngā whakaotinga kanapa, ōrite, me te ōrite. He mā ā-roto te paura kaolin tūturu, ka taea te whakarei ake mā roto i ngā tukanga purenga me te whakamakuku hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga tino kaha o ngā tono teitei. Mā te kirihou ka taea te hanga me te whakakoi i te paura kaolin ina konatunatua ki te wai, ka mau tonu tōna āhua i te wā e whakamaroke ana me te tahu, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā tukanga pēnei i te hanga uku. Mā te koretake o te matū ka kore e ngāwari te tauhohe o te paura kaolin ki ētahi atu matū, ka waiho hei tāpiri haumaru me te pono i roto i ngā tukanga hangahanga, ahakoa i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi uaua.
Ko te hanga uku tētahi o ngā whakamahinga tawhito rawa atu me te mea nui rawa atu o te paura kaolin, he rauemi mata matua mō te hanga uku tuku iho me te hanga uku matatau. Nā te āhua kirihou o te paura kaolin ka taea e ngā kaihanga uku te hanga i ngā āhua me ngā hoahoa uaua, mai i ngā oko uku me ngā taputapu kai o ia rā ki ngā uku ahumahi mahi teitei. Ina konatunatua ki te wai, ka hangaia he whakapiri maeneene, he ngāwari ki te hanga ki tētahi āhua, ā, i te wā e tahuna ana, ka pāngia e ngā huringa matū e whakarei ake ana i te kaha, te roa, me te ātete wera o te hua uku whakamutunga. Ko te paura kaolin kua whakawerahia, e whakamahanatia ana i ngā pāmahana teitei hei tango i te makuku me ngā poke, ka whakapai ake i te matotoru me te kaha o ngā uku, ka pai mō ngā wāhanga uku matatau e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taputapu ahumahi me ngā taputapu hiko. Hei tāpiri, ka āwhina te paura kaolin ki te whakaiti i te pāmahana tahuna me te whakapoto i ngā huringa tahunga, ka whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao mō ngā kaihanga uku.
Ko te umanga pepa tētahi atu kaihoko nui o te paura kaolin, e whakamahia ana hei whakakī me te rauemi paninga hei whakapai ake i te kounga me te mahi o te pepa. Hei whakakī, ka whakakīia e te paura kaolin ngā āputa i waenga i ngā muka pepa, ka whakarei ake i te mārama o te pepa, te maeneene, me te kaha ki te tā. Ka whakapai ake hoki i te kaha kume me te pakari o te pepa, ka whakaiti i te pakaru i te wā tā me te whakahaere. Hei rauemi paninga, ka hangaia e te paura kaolin he mata maeneene, ōrite ki runga i te pepa, ka whakarei ake i te mimiti waituhi me te mārama o te tānga, he mea tino pai mō ngā pepa tā kounga teitei, pērā i ngā maheni, ngā pukapuka iti, me ngā rauemi tākai. He tino pai te paura kaolin tino pai mō te paninga pepa nā te rahi o te matūriki, e whakarite ana i te mutunga maeneene me te piri pai o te waituhi. Ka whakapai ake te paura kaolin kua whakarerekētia te mata i te hototahitanga ki ngā muka pepa me ngā here paninga, ka whakarei ake i te kounga pepa whānui.
He pai te mahi a te paura kaolin hei whakakī ahumahi i roto i te hanga kirihou me te rapa, ka whakarei ake i te mahi a ngā rauemi me te whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa. I roto i te hanga kirihou, ka tāpirihia te paura kaolin ki ngā matrix polymer hei whakapai ake i te kaha kume, te kaha piko, me te ātete pānga, me te whakaiti hoki i te whakaheke me te piko i te wā e hangaia ana. Ko tōna koretake matū ka whakarite i te hototahi ki ngā momo kapia kirihou, ka ārai i ngā tauhohenga kāore e hiahiatia me te pupuri i te pumau o ngā rauemi. I roto i te hanga rapa, ka mahi te paura kaolin hei whakakī whakapakari, ka whakapai ake i te kaha kume, te ātete haehae, me te ātete ki te pakū o ngā matū rapa. Ka whakarei ake hoki i te ātete wera me te ātete tawhito o ngā hua rapa, ka whakaroa ake i tō rātou roa mahi i roto i ngā taiao uaua. Ko ngā tono noa ko te takai kirihou, ngā wāhanga kirihou motuka, ngā hiri rapa, me ngā ngongo ahumahi, he mea nui te roa me te mahi.
I roto i te umanga peita me te paninga, ka mahi te paura kaolin hei tāpiri mahi me te whakaroa, hei whakapai ake i te mahi paninga me te whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa. Ka whakarei ake i te mārama, te matotoru, me ngā āhuatanga whakataurite o ngā peita, kia ōrite ai te paninga me te mutunga maeneene, ōrite. Ka whakanui ake hoki te paura kaolin i te ātete ki te rakuraku me te ātete ki te kakahu o ngā paninga, ka roa ake te ora o ngā mata peita. Ko tōna mā teitei ka whai wāhi ki ngā tae peita kanapa, roa, ka whakaiti i te hiahia mō te nui o ngā tae utu nui. Ko te paura kaolin kua whakakōhuatia, me tōna pakeke me te pumau matū kua whakapaitia, he tino pai mō ngā paninga mahi-teitei e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taputapu ahumahi, ngā mata hoahoanga, me ngā tono motuka. Hei tāpiri, ko te koretake matū o te paura kaolin ka whakarite kia hototahi ki ētahi atu kai peita, ka ārai i te pirau o te paninga me te pupuri i te kounga i roto i te wā.
He whānui te whakamahi a te umanga kirihou i te paura kaolin hei whakapakari utu-whai hua hei whakapai ake i te mahi whānui o ngā kirihou taketake. Ina tāpirihia ki te polypropylene me te polyethylene (ngā kirihou whānui e whakamahia whānuitia ana), ka tino whakanui ake i te pakari o ngā hua kirihou—ka pai mō te hanga i ngā anga taputapu whare (pouaka whakamātao, mīhini horoi) me ngā kōtaha kirihou hanga (ngā anga tatau me ngā matapihi). Ka whakapai ake hoki i te ātete wera o ngā kirihou, ka taea ai te whakamahi i roto i te hanga i ngā whare wāhanga hiko (e whakaputa ana i te wera i te wā e mahi ana) me te kore e rerekē te āhua. Hei tāpiri, ka whakanui ake te paura kaolin i te pumau o ngā āhua o ngā kirihou, ka ārai i te piko, i te mimiti rānei i muri i te hanga—he mea nui mō ngā wāhanga kirihou tino tika. Ka taea e te paura kaolin kua whakarerekētia te mata te horapa ōrite i roto i ngā matrices polymer, ka hanga hononga atanga kaha e whakanui ake ana i te ātete pānga me te pupuri i te maeneene o te mata—he mea nui mō ngā hua e aro ana ki te āhua (pēnei i ngā wāhanga whakapaipai kirihou). He mea nui, he tino hototahi ki ngā tukanga whakaputa me te hanga werohanga o nāianei, e āhei ai ngā kaihanga ki te whakamahi i ngā taputapu o nāianei me te kore he whakarerekētanga tāpiri, he utu whakaputa rānei.
Ko ētahi atu whakamahinga ahumahi o te paura kaolin ko tōna whakamahinga i roto i ngā piripiri, ngā hiri, me ngā rauemi hiato. I roto i ngā piripiri me ngā hiri, ka whakapai ake te paura kaolin i te kaha o te piri, te matotoru, me te thixotropy, ka whakarite kia pai ake ngā āhuatanga tono me te pumau mo te wa roa. Ka whakarei ake hoki i te ātete wera me te ātete matū o ngā piripiri, ka pai ai mō ngā taiao ahumahi kino. I roto i ngā rauemi hiato, ka tāpirihia te paura kaolin hei whakarei ake i te pumau wera, te kaha miihini, me te pumau o ngā āhuatanga, ka pai ai ngā hiato mō te whānuitanga o ngā tono, mai i ngā rauemi hanga ki ngā wāhanga hiko. Ko te paura kaolin kua whakarerekētia te mata, kua rongoatia ki ngā kaihoko hononga, ka whakapai ake i te hototahi ki ngā matrices hiato, ka arotau i te mahi whānui.
Ko te maha o ngā whakamahinga me te whai hua o te paura kaolin e akiaki ana i te tono pumau puta noa i ngā rāngai ahumahi. Ko tōna kaha ki te whakarei ake i te mahi hua, te whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa, me te urutau ki ngā tono kanorau, he mea nui ki roto i ngā uku, pepa, kirihou, rapa, peita, me ngā mea whakahiato. Kāore i rite ki ngā rāngai kua whakawhāitihia, ko ngā tono ahumahi o te paura kaolin e arotahi ana ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hanga me te kounga o te hua, e hangai ana ki ngā ia whanaketanga ahumahi hou. Me te haere tonu o ngā whanaketanga hangarau tukatuka me te whakaritenga hua, kua rite te paura kaolin ki te whai wāhi nui ake i roto i te auahatanga ahumahi, e tautoko ana i te whanaketanga o ngā hua mahi-teitei, pumau mō ngā tau e haere ake nei.
Whakaahuatanga Hua
Kua whakapūkarahia e mātou te kaolin, te kaolin kua horoia, me te metakaolin.
Ko te kaolin kua whakapūkaratia, e mōhiotia ana ko te uku porcelain, he mā te tae, he pai te āhua, ā, he kaha te waikura.
he ātete, he roa hoki te mau. He rauemi mata pai rawa atu mō te hanga uku me te rapa.
Ko te kaolin kua whakapūkaratia, e mōhiotia ana ko te uku porcelain, he mā te tae, he pai te āhua, ā, he kaha te waikura.
he ātete, he roa hoki te mau. He rauemi mata pai rawa atu mō te hanga uku me te rapa.
Ngā Whakaahua Taipitopito
Tō mātou painga:
Ko mātou te wheketere tika, ka taea e mātou te tuku tere, ā, ka taea e mātou te tuku i tetahi rahi o te tourmaline me te kounga teitei.
Ko mātou te wheketere tika, ka taea e mātou te tuku tere, ā, ka taea e mātou te tuku i tetahi rahi o te tourmaline me te kounga teitei.
Hei kaihanga anō hoki, ka taea e mātou te whakatutuki i ō whakaritenga ritenga katoa, pēnei i te mōkihi motuhake, tō ake waitohu, ngā kai taiao, te tae mika hou, ngā MSDS me ngā TDS e wātea ana, me ētahi atu.
| Ngā Kāwai | Taumata Ahumahi | Rino Tau | Te karaehe uku | Te taumata o te hihi-ā-rangi | Whatu Tau | Teitei Te parakore | |
| Kāore i raro iho i te (%) te ihirangi | 93.0 | 96.0 | 98.0 | 99.0 | 99.8 | 99.99 | |
| Kāore te nui o te poke i neke atu i te (%) | Na | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | |||
| K | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | ||||
| Ca | |||||||
| Mg | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.02 | ||
| Si | 1% | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | |
| SO4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.005 | |
| Fe | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0001 | |
| Cl | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.001 | |
| Al | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | |
| Cu | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0002 | |
| Ngā konganuku taumaha (Pb) | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0002 | |
Te Whakamahinga o ngā Tae Waikura Rino
1. I roto i te umanga rauemi hanga whare, e whakamahia ana mō te sima tae, ngā taera papa sima tae, ngā taera sima tae, ngā taera karaihe rūpahu, ngā taera papa raima, te moata tae, te uku tae, te terrazzo, ngā taera mosaic, te māpere horihori me te peita pakitara.
2. Ka taea te whakamahi mō te tae me te tiaki i ngā matū o ngā momo paninga, tae atu ki ngā paninga pakitara o roto, o waho hoki e rere ana i te wai, ngā paninga paura, me ētahi atu. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā momo paninga tuatahi me ngā paninga o runga pērā i te epoxy, te alkyd, te amino, me ētahi atu i roto i ngā peita hinuhinu, tae atu ki ngā peita taonga takaro, ngā peita whakapaipai, ngā peita tāonga, ngā peita hiko-whakapaipai me ngā enamel. He mahi ārai-waikura te paninga tuatahi whero rino, ka taea te whakakapi i te peita whero whero utu nui, te whakaora i ngā konganuku kore-ferrous.
Ka tukuna e te kaihanga te waikura rino whero, te waikura rino kakariki, te waikura rino kikorangi, te waikura rino kōwhai, te waikura rino papura, te waikura rino parauri, te waikura rino mangu me ērā atu. He oti te tae, he nui te rahinga, ā, he pai te hekenga. Tautokohia ngā puranga whakauru. Nau mai ki te waea mai mō te kōrero.
1. I roto i te umanga rauemi hanga whare, e whakamahia ana mō te sima tae, ngā taera papa sima tae, ngā taera sima tae, ngā taera karaihe rūpahu, ngā taera papa raima, te moata tae, te uku tae, te terrazzo, ngā taera mosaic, te māpere horihori me te peita pakitara.
2. Ka taea te whakamahi mō te tae me te tiaki i ngā matū o ngā momo paninga, tae atu ki ngā paninga pakitara o roto, o waho hoki e rere ana i te wai, ngā paninga paura, me ētahi atu. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā momo paninga tuatahi me ngā paninga o runga pērā i te epoxy, te alkyd, te amino, me ētahi atu i roto i ngā peita hinuhinu, tae atu ki ngā peita taonga takaro, ngā peita whakapaipai, ngā peita tāonga, ngā peita hiko-whakapaipai me ngā enamel. He mahi ārai-waikura te paninga tuatahi whero rino, ka taea te whakakapi i te peita whero whero utu nui, te whakaora i ngā konganuku kore-ferrous.
Ka tukuna e te kaihanga te waikura rino whero, te waikura rino kakariki, te waikura rino kikorangi, te waikura rino kōwhai, te waikura rino papura, te waikura rino parauri, te waikura rino mangu me ērā atu. He oti te tae, he nui te rahinga, ā, he pai te hekenga. Tautokohia ngā puranga whakauru. Nau mai ki te waea mai mō te kōrero.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mea whakakanapa hoki te karāhe me te mea ārai waikura mō te karāhe me te pepa i roto i te ahumahi māmā, ā, he rauemi mata nui hoki mō te hanga pene, waituhi, peita pango, waituhi, taimana horihori me ngā taimana. He rauemi pai hei penapena pūngao me te tiaki taiao, kua whakamahia hei pākahiko waka i te Hononga o Amerika. I te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau hou me te ahumahi, kei te whānui haere tonu te mara tono o te karāhe. Kua noho hei rauemi mata nui mō ngā rauemi hiato hou i roto i te mara hangarau teitei, ā, he mahi nui tana i roto i te ōhanga o te motu.
Tuhia tō karere ki konei ka tuku mai ki a mātou
